How to Crop Images in Photoshop with the Crop Tool

Download PDF: Crop Images - 01 - How To Crop Images

In this first tutorial in my series on cropping images, I show you how to crop images, how to straighten images, and how to crop an image non-destructively with Photoshop. We'll start with the basics and learn how to crop images using the Crop Tool. Then we'll learn how to straighten an image with the Crop Tool. And finally, we'll look at a great feature that lets you crop an image without losing any of the original pixels!

I'm using Photoshop 2021 but you can follow along with any recent version. Get the latest Photoshop version here.

Let's get started!

Download this tutorial as a print-ready PDF!

Related tutorials:

• How to crop a single layer in Photoshop
• How to keep an image centered after cropping

How to crop images with the Crop Tool

Let's start with the basics. I'll use this image from Adobe Stock:

Selecting the Crop Tool

To crop an image in Photoshop, we use the Crop Tool which is found in the toolbar. The Crop Tool can also be selected from your keyboard by pressing the letter C:

The cropping border

As soon as you select the Crop Tool, Photoshop places a cropping border around the image. And if you've used the Crop Tool on a previous image, the border will initially be set to that previous size.

In the Options Bar, we see that my last image was cropped as an 8 x 10:

And in the document, the cropping border appears at that 8 x 10 aspect ratio. We'll look at all of this in more detail in moment:

How to reset the Crop Tool

Before we go any further, let's reset the Crop Tool to its default settings. In the Options Bar, right-click (Win) / Control-click (Mac) on the tool icon:

And choose Reset Tool from the menu:

This resets the aspect ratio to Ratio and leaves the Width and Height boxes empty:

Related: How to reset your tools and toolbar in Photoshop

How to reset the crop border

But notice that resetting the Crop Tool did not reset the cropping border itself, which is still set to that previous 8 x 10 size:

To reset the border, choose a different tool from the toolbar (any tool will do) and then reselect the Crop Tool.

The cropping border now surrounds the entire image:

How to resize the crop border

If you look around the border, you'll see crop handles. There's one on the top, bottom, left and right, and one in each corner:

Click and drag the handles to reshape the crop border into any size you need. The area inside the border is what you'll keep while the faded area outside the border will be cropped away:

How to reposition the image inside the crop border

You can also click and drag inside the border to reposition the image. As you drag, the crop border will remain in place while the image moves around inside it:

How to cancel the crop

To cancel the crop without applying it, click the Cancel button in the Options Bar. I'll cancel it so we can look at another way to work:

Drawing your own crop border

Instead of using the initial crop border that Photoshop places around the image, you can also click anywhere inside the image and drag out your own border:

Then drag the handles to resize it, or click and drag inside the border to reposition the image:

How to reset the crop border

To reset the border without canceling the crop completely, click the Reset button in the Options Bar:

How to lock the aspect ratio of the crop border

By default, Photoshop lets us resize the crop border freely without caring about the aspect ratio. To keep the original aspect ratio of your image, press and hold the Shift key on your keyboard as you drag any of the corner handles. This locks the aspect ratio in place:

I'll click the Reset button again to reset my crop:

How to resize the crop border from its center

To resize the border from its center, press and hold the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key on your keyboard as you drag a handle.

Here I'm dragging the left side handle while the right side handle moves along with it:

I'll click the Reset button to reset it:

How to lock the aspect ratio and resize from center

And to lock the aspect ratio and resize the border from its center, hold the Shift key and the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key as you drag the corner handles:

How to crop an image to a specific aspect ratio

If you need to crop to a specific aspect ratio, like 5 x 7 or 8 x 10, you can set the aspect ratio in the Options Bar.

Choosing a preset aspect ratio

For common aspect ratios like 8 x 10, click the Aspect Ratio option:

And then choose from a list of presets, like 1:1 for a square, or 8:10, 4:6, and so on. I'll choose 8:10:

Photoshop enters the aspect ratio into the Width and Height boxes. In my case, it entered 4 x 5 which is the same as 8 x 10:

And as soon as I select it, my cropping border jumps to the 8 x 10 ratio:

Swapping the crop orientation

To swap the Width and Height values, click the swap icon (the two arrows) between them:

This lets you easily switch between Portrait and Landscape mode:

Choosing a custom aspect ratio

If the aspect ratio you need is not found in the presets, you can enter it manually.

Let's say I want to crop my image as an 11 x 14 and I want it to be in Landscape mode so that the width is larger than the height. I'll click inside the Width box and enter 14. Then I'll press the Tab key on my keyboard to jump over to the Height box and I'll enter 11:

Photoshop instantly resizes the crop border to the 11 x 14 ratio:

With a specific aspect ratio entered, there's no need to hold Shift as you drag the handles to lock the aspect ratio in place. But you can still hold the Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) key to resize the border from its center:

How to save a custom crop preset

If you'll need the same aspect ratio again, you can save it as a custom preset. Click the Aspect Ratio option in the Options Bar:

And in the menu, choose New Crop Preset:

Give the preset a name. I'll name mine "11 x 14 Landscape". Then click OK to close the dialog box:

The next time you need the preset, just click the Aspect Ratio option and choose it from the list:

Clearing the aspect ratio

To go back to resizing the crop border freely after entering a specific aspect ratio, clear the aspect ratio by clicking the Clear button:

You can then drag the handles independently:

How to crop to a specific image size and resolution

So far, we've been cropping to a general aspect ratio, or a general shape. But the Crop Tool can also be used to crop your image to a specific size and resolution. To do that, open the Aspect Ratio menu:

And then choose W x H x Resolution (Width, Height and Resolution):

Instead of cropping my image to an 11 x 14 aspect ratio, let's say I want to crop it so that it will print at a specific size of 11 x 14 inches. Since I want the width to be larger than the height, I'll click inside the Width field and I'll enter 14. But instead of just entering the number, I'll also enter "ïn" (for "inches"). Then I'll press the Tab key on my keyboard to jump to the Height field, and I'll enter 11 in for the height:

The Resolution value

Notice that we now have a third box as well, and this is where we enter a Resolution value. Since the industry standard resolution for high quality printing is 300 pixels per inch, I'll enter 300 into the box, and I'll make sure that the measurement type is set to px/inch (pixels per inch):

With my settings entered, I'll resize the crop border:

How to commit the crop

Then to crop the image, I'll click the checkmark in the Options Bar. You can also crop it by pressing Enter (Win) / Return (Mac):

And Photoshop crops the image:

Checking the image size

To check the size and resolution of your cropped image, go up to the Image menu and choose Image Size:

And in the Image Size dialog box, we see that Photoshop has in fact cropped it to 14 x 11 inches at a resolution of 300 pixels per inch. Click Cancel to close the dialog box:

How to undo the crop

To undo the crop, go up to the Edit menu and choose Undo Crop. Or press the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac):

This returns the image to its original size:

The crop overlay

Before we move on to learning how to straighten an image, let's look at one more handy feature of the Crop Tool, and that's the crop overlay.

I'll click on my image with the Crop Tool to bring up the cropping border. And notice the 3 x 3 grid that appears inside the border. This grid is known as the Rule of Thirds:

The Rule of Thirds

The idea with the Rule of Thirds is that you can create a more interesting composition by placing your subject at, or near, one of the spots where the grid lines intersect:

Choosing a different overlay

While the Rule of Thirds can be useful, it's not the only overlay that's available to us. To view the others, click the Overlay icon in the Options Bar:

Here we can choose from several overlays, like Golden Ratio:

The Golden Ratio is similar to the Rule of Thirds, but the intersection points are closer to the center which often creates a more natural result:

You can cycle through the overlays from your keyboard by pressing the letter O. And you can flip the orientation of certain overlays, like Triangle and Golden Spiral, by pressing Shift+O.

Finally, another way to commit the crop is to just double-click inside the crop border:

Related: How to crop images in a circle!

How to straighten an image with the Crop Tool

So that's the basics of how to crop an image with the Crop Tool in Photoshop. Next we'll learn how the Crop Tool can also be used to rotate and straighten an image.

Here's an image I shot myself, and notice that the horizon line is crooked:

Selecting the Straighten Tool

To straighten an image, we can use Photoshop's Straighten Tool. The Straighten Tool is only available when the Crop Tool is active, and it's really more of a feature than an actual tool.

First, select the Crop Tool from the toolbar:

And then in the Options Bar, select the Straighten Tool:

How to use the Straighten Tool

Look for something in your image that should be straight, either vertically or horizontally. In my case, it's the horizon line. Click on one end, keep your mouse button held down, and drag over to the other end.

Photoshop draws a path between the two points, and it uses this path to determine the angle that the image needs to be rotated:

Release your mouse button, and Photoshop rotates the image to straighten it. And because rotating the image created some transparent areas in the document's corners (indicated by a checkerboard pattern), Photoshop also resized the crop border to keep those transparent corners out of the result:

You can then resize the border if needed by dragging the handles. Hold Shift and drag a corner handle to lock the original aspect ratio, or drag inside the border to reposition the image:

To accept it and crop the image, click the checkmark in the Options Bar, press Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) on your keyboard, or double-click inside the crop border:

And that's how to straighten an image with the Crop Tool. I cover more ways to straighten an image in a separate tutorial.

How to crop images non-destructively

Finally, let's switch over to a third image so we can look at a great feature of the Crop Tool that lets us crop our images non-destructively. I'll use this image from Adobe Stock:

Again, I'll select the Crop Tool from the toolbar:

In the Options Bar, I'll choose the 8 x 10 aspect ratio preset:

And then I'll resize my crop border by dragging the top handle downward. I'll hold Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) as I drag to resize the border from its center:

To crop the image, I'll press Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) on my keyboard:

Deleting the cropped pixels

So far, so good. But now that I've cropped the image, what if I want to change the crop? For example, let's say I want to change its orientation from portrait to landscape.

I'll go up to the Options Bar and I'll swap the aspect ratio by clicking the swap icon:

And Photoshop again places the crop border around the image:

I don't want the image to be cropped in so close, so I'll drag the handles outward to bring back more of the background:

But when I release my mouse button, instead of revealing more of the image, Photoshop fills the surrounding area with white:

The reason is that when I made my original crop, Photoshop deleted the surrounding pixels. So now that those areas are missing, Photoshop is filling them with my current Background color, which by default is white.

The current Foreground and Background colors are found in the toolbar. The Background color is the bottom right swatch:

The Delete Cropped Pixels option

And the reason why Photoshop deleted those pixels is because the Delete Cropped Pixels option in the Options Bar was turned on, which it is by default:

Canceling the crop and reverting the image

Let's look at a better way to work. I'll cancel the crop by clicking the Cancel button in the Options Bar:

And then I'll revert the image back to its original size by going up to the File menu and choosing Revert:

This restores all of those missing pixels:

I'll swap the aspect ratio back to Portrait mode:

And then I'll drag the handles to resize the border, just like I did before:

Turning "Delete Cropped Pixels" off

But this time, before I actually crop the image, I'll turn the Delete Cropped Pixels option off by deselecting it:

Then I'll accept the crop by pressing Enter (Win) / Return (Mac). And so far, everything looks the same as it did before:

But watch what happens if I try to resize the crop. I'll swap the aspect ratio back to Landscape mode:

And now we see something very different. The entire image reappears, as if it was never cropped at all. That's because when Delete Cropped Pixels is turned off, Photoshop simply hides the cropped area. No pixels are ever deleted:

I'll press and hold Alt (Win) / Option (Mac) as I drag a corner handle outward to resize the border to include more of the image:

And then I'll accept the crop by pressing Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) on my keyboard.

So by turning off Delete Cropped Pixels, I was able to crop the image, adjust the crop border, and then crop the image again without losing a single pixel:

Repositioning the image inside the crop

Since Photoshop is just hiding the cropped area, another benefit of cropping non-destructively is that we can actually move and reposition the image even after we've cropped it.

Select the Move Tool from the toolbar:

Then click and drag on the image to move it around until you're happy with the composition.

Here I've moved my subject more towards the left:

How to restore the entire image after cropping it

Finally, if you cropped your image with Delete Cropped Pixels turned off, you can restore the entire image at any time by going up to the Image menu and choosing Reveal All:

And there we have it! In this lesson, we took our first look at how to straighten images using the Crop Tool. In the next lesson, I show you an even better way to rotate and straighten images!

You can jump to any of the other lessons in this Cropping Images in Photoshop series. Or visit my Photoshop Basics section for more topics!